THE PEDAGOGY IN ONLINE LEARNING: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

Abstract

The rapid spread of the COVID-19 pandemic has created a disruption in Indonesia’s education sector as teachers and students are unable to continue their teaching and learning activity in schools and/or universities. Consequently, this has forced governments to close schools and/or universities, and switch traditional learning to online learning. Therefore, this article aims to review the pedagogy in online learning. It focuses on the theoretical and practical concept of online learning in terms of technology integration, classroom interaction, and online assessment. During the implementation of online learning, there are numerous reported impacts, both opportunities and challenges, faced by teachers. First, online learning allows teachers to be flexible in integrating the technology tools and the internet in seek of knowledge and transfer it to others. Unfortunately, lack of knowledge and training of technology integration somehow is likely to face technical problem in use. Second, online learning promotes good and effective classroom interaction if some factors, such as instruction, learners, and physical factors are settled. Last, online learning facilitates teachers to conduct online assessments which are effective and efficient to be tested. Inopportunely, multiple challenges will be faced by them, such as validity and reliability of the test, and students’ academic integrity.